At birth, infants can process some types of mathematical information. More specifically, this ability involves distinguishing between different numbers of objects. For example, most infants can tell the difference between a card displaying three similar objects and a card displaying two of the same objects. Experiments like these have demonstrated that infants have an innate ability to compare different numbers of objects.
References:
Geary, D. C. (1995). Reflections on evolution and culture in children’s cognition. American Psychologist, 50, 24
